Positive Psychology

Abstract Background and purpose: The present study aimed to investigate and compare the resilience, psychological well-being, and sleep quality of staff and line employees working in the branches of a bank in Qom city during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Method: The study pursued a descriptive field methodology whose population consisted of the entire volunteer staff and line employees working in the branches of a bank in Qom city. Through the convenience sampling method, a sample of 150 employees was selected. The research instruments comprised Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Questionnaire (Short-form), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The data derived from the scales were analyzed at two levels: descriptive statistics, including mean, median, standard deviation, variance, minimum, and maximum, and inferential statistics, including the independent-sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test, ran in the SPSS 26 software. Results: The results of the study showed that there were no significant differences between the staff and line employees concerning their resilience and psychological well-being mean scores. However, the sleep quality mean scores of both groups were significantly different.
Conclusion: The research findings confirmed that there were not any significant differences in the resilience and psychological well-being mean scores of staff and line employees working in the branches of one of the banks in Qom city while revealing a significant difference between these employees in their sleep quality mean scores. Owing to the outbreak of the coronavirus, its role and significant psychological effect on bank employees, and its prevalence among the members of this community, it is suggested that the necessary medical and psychological interventions be exercised for the purpose of improving the sleep quality of the considered bank employees. Likewise, future researchers are recommended to replicate this study on wider scales both in the pandemic and post-pandemic periods.

Abstract Abstract
Martin A. P. Seligman highlights those human characteristics that are rooted in his happiness, optimism, hope, and satisfaction. Positive psychology includes concepts such as: rationality, love, kindness and altruism, happiness, tolerance, optimism, and hope, and tries to consolidate and generalize them. Persian literature has also always developed and presented such concepts. Sohrab Sepehri is one of the poets of contemporary literature, and the aforementioned concepts are among the fundamental themes of his intellectual system; accordingly, the purpose of this research is to examine the components of positive psychology and their alignment in Sohrab's poems. The study of this research was conducted with a descriptive-analytical method in line with the research objective, relying on eight books. The research findings show that there is a significant alignment between the concepts of Seligman's positive psychology and the fundamental themes of Sohrab's intellectual system. What Western thinkers have presented today under the title of positive psychology is seen in Sohrab's poetry with more charming, profound and beautiful evidence that with knowledge, coherence and daily use of the concepts of those poems, one can practically benefit from its spiritual and psychological effects. In fact, the results obtained show that many modern sciences whose roots are sought in the nascent Western civilization were present centuries ago in the treasury of Islamic-Iranian culture. Humanity, transcendence, rationality, different perspectives, naturalism, contentment, gratitude, love, hope, optimism and acceptance are deep signs of the positive thinking of this tasteful poet.